The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in English Language Teaching: Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most influential technologies in modern education, including English Language Teaching (ELT). This study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of integrating AI into English language classrooms through a literature review approach. Data were collected from peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, and books published between 2020 and 2024. The findings indicate that AI technologies, such as ChatGPT, intelligent tutoring systems, automated writing evaluation, and adaptive learning platforms, can enhance students' language skills by providing personalized learning experiences, immediate feedback, and flexible learning opportunities. AI also supports teachers in designing instructional materials, assessing students' performance, and reducing administrative workload. However, several challenges remain, including concerns about academic integrity, students' overdependence on AI tools, limited digital literacy among teachers, data privacy issues, and unequal access to educational technology. Therefore, effective AI integration requires institutional support, teacher professional development, and ethical guidelines to ensure responsible use in educational settings. Future research should examine the long-term effects of AI-assisted learning on students' language proficiency and critical thinking skills.